Welcome! If you've enjoyed learning the basics of watercolour pencils with our Beginner’s Guide to Watercolor Pencils primer page and are now ready to explore the amazing versatility of this medium in more depth, you're in the right place.
This guide is designed to walk you through a variety of creative techniques, from core brushwork methods to more experimental ways of applying and manipulating your water-soluble colours.
We'll explore how to achieve different effects, manage your materials for the best results, and troubleshoot common challenges, helping you to unlock even more of the artistic potential held within your pencil set.
So, grab your pencils, some stretched watercolour paper, and let's explore the wonderful world of watercolour pencil techniques!
Before we dive into the various ways you can apply water and create beautiful effects, let's quickly revisit two foundational habits.
These are especially important for getting the best results from the techniques we'll explore on this page:
As you'll know from our Primer page - Section 1: Understanding Your Pencils, specifically the Color Shifts part, watercolour pencils can transform quite dramatically when water is added – colours can intensify and even shift in hue.
Before starting a piece using the techniques below, especially if you're aiming for precise colour combinations or layered washes, it's always a valuable habit to quickly re-test your chosen palette on scrap paper.
This ensures you have their wet appearance fresh in your mind and can anticipate how they'll interact.
We touched on the importance of a light hand in the Primer.For the wet techniques we're about to explore, this becomes even more important.
Applying your dry watercolour pencil pigment lightly and evenly allows the water to fully dissolve the colour, leading to smooth, beautiful washes and seamless blends.
If the dry pigment is pressed too hard into the paper fibres, it can be very difficult for the water to lift and move it all, potentially leaving those original pencil lines visible even after wetting.
So, for best results with the methods on this page, always aim for that gentle initial application.
Before you even think about reaching for your water brush, there are several useful techniques you can employ with your watercolour pencils in their dry state. These can help you lay a good foundation, create subtle blends, or make adjustments to your initial drawing.
Many of these build on standard dry coloured pencil skills, and they are invaluable for getting your artwork just right before committing to wet application.
While the main allure of watercolour pencils is their ability to be blended with water, you can certainly achieve some lovely soft blends and transitions while they are still dry.
This is particularly useful for creating subtle gradations, softening areas before a very light wash, or for effects where you want to maintain a more traditional pencil texture
Because watercolour pencils often have a slightly harder or drier core than many purely wax-based coloured pencils (due to their water-soluble binders), dry blending might yield a more subtle effect, but it's definitely a technique worth exploring in your watercolour pencil work.
One of the significant advantages of working with watercolour pencils is that you often have a good window of opportunity to make corrections, lift colour, or make adjustments while the pigment is still in its original dry state.
This is crucial because once water is added, the pigment behaves much more like paint and can be significantly harder (or, in the case of ink-based pencils like Derwent Inktense, impossible) to remove completely without affecting the paper.
So, addressing any issues before wetting is always my first recommendation.
Remember, these dry correction methods are your best friends for making changes cleanly.
Once water touches the pigment, you're moving into the realm of watercolour painting, and corrections, while sometimes possible, become a different challenge altogether!
Perhaps the most fundamental and widely used method for transforming your dry watercolour pencil marks into paint is by activating them with a brush and water.
It’s where the true "watercolour" aspect comes alive, allowing you to create smooth washes, blend colours beautifully, and achieve a range of painterly effects.
While seemingly straightforward, there are a few key approaches and tips that will help you learn this core skill.
See these techniques in action in our Beginner Pears Tutorial.
This is often the first method artists try. It’s beautifully simple:
No matter if you're wetting pigment directly on your paper or working from a palette, learning a few key aspects of brushwork will significantly improve your results with watercolour pencils:
Brush Moisture is Crucial - Think Damp, Not Soaking
Always aim for a brush that is moist rather than soaking wet. Too much water can quickly lead to colours bleeding out of control, creating puddles, or making your colours look diluted and washed out.
A good habit to get into is to dip your brush in your water pot, then gently wipe any surplus water on the rim of the pot or on a piece of clean kitchen paper or a soft cloth before you touch it to your pencil marks or your palette.
This gives you much more control over where the water goes and how the pigment dissolves.
(Don't forget, we have a dedicated guide on choosing brushes for watercolour pencils if you need more advice on brush types!)
Managing Excess Pigment and Creating Effects While Wet
Depending on the brand of your pencils, how heavily you applied the dry pigment, or even the texture of your paper, you might find that some colours need a little more encouragement from your brush to dissolve fully and smoothly.
You may need to gently "scrub" or agitate the area with your brush to help loosen and spread the pigment.
A Word of Caution: If you do need to scrub, it's best to use a sturdy, synthetic brush. Repeated scrubbing, especially on softer papers, can damage the paper surface and your more delicate brushes (like sable).
This is why I often recommend having some more affordable synthetic brushes on hand for more robust techniques.
As we discussed in the Primer, most standard watercolour pencils (excluding permanent ink-based ones like Derwent Inktense) can be rewet to some extent even after they have dried.
This is a fantastic property, as it means you can frequently go back into a dried area with a damp brush to soften edges, lift a little colour, or blend it further if you feel it needs adjusting.
Be Mindful When Layering: However, this re-wettable nature also means you need to be a bit careful when applying fresh layers of wet watercolour pencil over already dried passages.
If you agitate the underlying layer too much with your brush, it can lift and mix with your new layer.
Sometimes this is exactly what you want for soft, gradual blending, but if you're aiming for clean, crisp overlying layers, use a lighter touch and try not to overwork the area.
It's also good to be aware that some pencil colours (often the very vibrant reds, blues, or phthalocyanine-based colours) may have more staining power than others.
This means they might be harder to lift completely once they've been applied and wetted, even if they are not permanent inks.
As always, if you're unsure how a particular colour will behave, a quick test on your scrap paper is your best friend!
In our Beginner’s Guide to Watercolor Pencils - Section 4: Essential Techniques, we touched upon the basic method of using a damp piece of tissue to gently dab dry watercolour pencil pigment, creating soft, dappled textures ideal for effects like clouds or distant foliage. It's a wonderfully simple yet effective technique.
Now, let's explore a couple of further ways you can use tissue and minimal water to achieve unique results and even work on surfaces that might not traditionally be suited for very wet applications.
This variation is excellent for producing convincing, slightly random textures, such as those you might find on a gravel path, a rough stone wall, or even certain types of bark.
How to do it:
Why it works well: The fine mist distributes water unevenly, allowing for that random activation which is key to natural-looking textures.
One of the significant advantages of using tissue-based techniques (both basic dabbing and the misting method) is that they generally require much less water than full brush-activated washes. This makes them particularly useful if you're experimenting with:
By controlling the amount of moisture on your tissue or in your mist, you can achieve beautiful watercolour-like effects with a reduced risk of paper warping.
Remember, applying your dry pigment softly (perhaps using the side of the pencil lead for broader, lighter coverage) before dabbing can also contribute to a more successful outcome on these less robust papers.
Here’s an ingenious method that allows you to create a pool of usable watercolour pigment from your pencils while also helping to keep your pencil points relatively sharp – it’s like creating a temporary, disposable palette on a separate piece of paper!
What is a Paper Palette?
Instead of applying your watercolour pencil directly to your artwork and then wetting it, or lifting pigment from the pencil tip with a wet brush (as we discussed in the "Creating a Liquid Palette" method), you first transfer dry pigment from your pencil onto a spare piece of suitably textured paper. This spare piece then acts as your palette.
Suitable Papers for Your Paper Palette
You'll need a paper with enough "tooth" or texture to grab the pigment from your pencil. Good options include:
Peter Weatherill, from whom this site originated, often recommended using a fine grit waterproof abrasive paper, like a P400 grit Hermes paper (often found in DIY stores, usually light grey). If you try this, ensure it's clean and that no unwanted residue transfers to your brush.
How to Use the Paper Palette Technique
Benefits of this Method
This 'paper palette' technique is wonderfully versatile for creating controlled washes.
To see it used extensively for building up an atmospheric landscape background, and to follow an artist's complete thought process, compositional decisions, and the valuable lessons learned from a real project, take a look at our Lessons in Landscape: A Watercolour Pencil Background and Composition Study
Beyond drawing directly with your watercolour pencils, you can achieve some fascinating effects by carefully shaving pigment from the pencil core.
This opens up possibilities for creating your own liquid washes, unique textures, and more painterly applications.
Important Safety Note: These techniques involve using a sharp craft knife or scalpel. Please always exercise extreme caution, cut away from your body and fingers, and work on a protected surface. If you're not comfortable using a sharp blade, it's best to explore other techniques.
This method allows you to create a pool of liquid watercolour from a specific pencil, giving you great control over your washes, much like using traditional pan watercolours.
How to do it:
Why use this method instead of traditional paints?
One great advantage is colour consistency for specific hues.
Have you ever mixed the perfect shade with traditional paints, only to find you didn't mix quite enough to complete an area like a large sky or background, and then struggled to match it perfectly?
With this method, if you need more of that exact colour, you simply shave a bit more from the same pencil – ensuring a perfect match every time!
Example – Aged Wood Effect
For an aged wood effect, I once shaved a brown pencil into a palette well, added water, and painted it onto the paper to create base planks.
While it was still damp, I drew in some plank lines and wood grain texture with the dry tip of the same brown pencil.
After it had completely dried, I sprinkled a few green pencil shavings onto the "wood" and then used a damp brush to gently push and dissolve them into the surface, giving a lovely hint of moss or aging.
You can also apply shavings directly to your paper and then activate them for interesting textural effects.
Creating Soft Floral or Distant Foliage Textures:
For creating the impression of distant flower beds, soft foliage, or textured ground cover.
Tip for Control: If you only want the shavings in a specific area, it’s a good idea to protect the rest of your drawing with clean scrap paper, removing it only once the shavings are applied and the area is dry.
Creating Rock Textures:
This technique is wonderful for suggesting the rough, varied surface of rocks.
For a very soft, almost unpredictable blended effect with shavings.
This can be a really fun technique, as you never quite know what sort of beautiful, diffused texture you're going to end up with!
While watercolour paper is undoubtedly the ideal starting point and a wonderful surface for your watercolour pencils, once you feel confident with the core techniques, you might find it exciting to explore how your pencils behave on other types of prepared surfaces.
This can open up new creative possibilities, unique textures, and is often a stepping stone into mixed-media work.
Why Explore Other Surfaces?
Some Surfaces to Consider (with preparation in mind)
Key Considerations for Non-Paper Surfaces
Test, Test, Test!: This is even more crucial than on paper. Always test a small, inconspicuous area of your prepared surface first. Pay close attention to:
Water Control: You may find you need to adjust your water control even more carefully than on paper, as absorption rates can vary wildly.
Experimenting with different surfaces can be a really fun way to push the boundaries of what you thought was possible with your watercolour pencils and can lead to some truly unique and personal artistic expressions.
Just remember to approach it with a spirit of discovery and lots of testing!
While most traditional watercolour pencils share common characteristics, there are a couple of specific areas worth highlighting that can significantly impact your techniques and results: understanding the unique nature of ink-based pencils like Derwent Inktense, and being aware of potential variations with some budget-friendly brands.
You'll often hear Derwent Inktense pencils and blocks mentioned in the world of water-soluble media, and it's essential to understand that they behave quite differently from traditional watercolour pencils.
We touched on this in our Beginner’s Guide to Watercolor Pencils Primer Page, but it's worth reiterating and expanding upon here as it affects how you use them with various techniques.
Advantages:
Cautions and Considerations
Inktense pencils are wonderful, powerful tools, but understanding their unique ink-based and permanent nature is key to using them successfully and avoiding frustration
While there are many excellent student-grade watercolour pencils available that offer good quality at an affordable price, it's worth being aware that with some of the very cheapest or lesser-known brands, you might encounter more variability in performance.
What to Look Out For
The Importance of Testing: This doesn't mean you can't achieve lovely results with more affordable pencils, but it does highlight (again!) the absolute importance of testing your specific pencils thoroughly.
Get to know how your pencils behave – how they lay down dry, how they transform with water, how they mix, and how permanent they are.
This is true for all art materials, but perhaps even more so when you're exploring brands at the lower end of the price spectrum.
Ultimately, understanding the specific characteristics of the pencils you own, whatever their price point, is the best way to get the results you desire.
Do you enjoy sketching or painting en plein air (outdoors), or perhaps you simply want an incredibly lightweight and compact kit for creating watercolour pencil art when you're travelling?
This clever adaptation of the "Paper Palette" technique we discussed earlier is perfect for just that!
Instead of carrying a full tin of paints or a large selection of pencils, you can prepare a very portable "paintbox" using just your watercolour pencils and a few other minimal supplies.
Preparing Your Travel Palette
What Else to Pack for Your Ultra-Light Kit:
Painting on Location
Once you've found your spot and are ready to paint:
This method allows you to enjoy the full range of watercolour effects with an incredibly minimal and easy-to-carry set of supplies. It’s perfect for capturing quick sketches, colour notes, or more developed small paintings when you’re out and about.
We've journeyed through a wide array of techniques in this guide, from mastering core brushwork and understanding your materials, to exploring more creative applications like using shaved pigment, tissue effects, and even venturing onto different surfaces.
I hope this exploration has shown you just how wonderfully versatile watercolour pencils can be, offering a delightful bridge between the precision of drawing and the expressive freedom of painting.
The real key to unlocking the full potential of these methods, and indeed your own artistic style, lies in practice and experimentation.
Don't be afraid to try things out, to mix techniques, or even to have a few "happy accidents" along the way – that's often where the most exciting discoveries are made!
Each technique you explore and master will become another valuable tool in your artistic toolkit, helping you to translate your vision onto the page with greater confidence and skill.
So, keep those pencils handy, revisit these methods often, and most importantly, enjoy the process of learning and creating.
I'm excited to see how you take these techniques and make them your own, producing beautiful and impressive watercolour pencil art that you can be truly proud of.
Happy painting!
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